The North of Scotland AAA

Seven years after the first SAAA Championship took place at old Powderhall Grounds – 1890 to be exact – a deputation of three gentlemen deeply interested in amateur athletics – one of them being the late Mr Tom Fraser – visited Inverness to confer with some well-known North country sportsmen on the state of athletics in the North, and with a view to establishing a body to govern this branch of the sport in their district.

At that time there resided in Inverness Mr JD Finlayson, who, while resident in Glasgow, was one of the best distance runners in the South, and Mr CFR Thomson, a very good all-round athlete.   These gentlemen, with Mr HD Thomas, of the Inverness College, and a few young men of considerable potential athletic ability, issued a circular to schools, clubs and individuals interested in amateur sport, with the result that the heartening replies led to the formation of the North of Scotland AAA, which has since that time, with the exception of the Great War period, functioned very successfully.

The objects of the Association as stated in the circular were briefly as follows:   “For the purpose of encouraging pure athletics amongst amateurs, to rid them of all abuses by the holding and promoting of purely amateur sports in which only amateur competitors will be allowed to enter, and also for the purpose of regulating amateur athletics in the North which has hitherto been without a guiding body.”

That such action was necessary is evidenced from the fact that for nearly half a century prior to the formation of this body a race of the middle-distance type was held at the Northern Meeting in Inverness for “gentlemen amateurs”.   Six competitors entered, and the winner was a Mr Douglas Moffat, an excellent all-round sportsman.

The Association was fortunate in having for its first President Mr J Douglas Fletcher of Rosehaugh, who was a keen sportsman, and interested in many branches of physical development.   He presented a Challenge Cup to be given to the competitor securing the greatest number of points in flat and field events.   Following Mr Fletcher as President were the following gentlemen:  Messrs JD Finlayson, Alex Sanderson, WG Mackay and Mr D Fraser.

Among others who have held office in the Association and who have worked whole-heartedly in its interests are:   Messrs W Reid, Major HR Dewar, JM Reid, WR Christie, CGH Greaves, RG Stewart, Angus McIntosh, RG Cameron, JP Brodie, AS Brodie, Jas Christie, DF McDonald, Harry Wynne (Hon Treasurer)and Archd McGillivray, who acted as Hon Secretary from 1893 to 1914.

It says much for the whole-hearted interest  in athletics of the aforementioned gentlemen that the Association still flourishes, for it lies in the centre of Highland Gatherings, whose amateur sports are rare.   The inducement for country lads to have a “try out” against famous itinerant athletes, especially the heavy-weight men, is great : but there is the corresponding disadvantage that having committed themselves as professionals, they find themselves debarred from competing as amateurs in the South.   The Association has thus done much in keeping many lads out of the ranks of professionalism.

From among the many athletes whpo have competed at Inverness mention may be made of the following, and this not solely on account of their personal prowess, but also for their long and valued assistance:   Donald Ross, now of Glencannich, who was an SAAA hammer champion; WA Ogilvie, Dingwall, who was a capital leaper and hammer thrower, Angus McIntosh, now resident in Thurso, a first class all-rounder, Geo T Cornet, and excellent sprinter and an Olympic water-polo player,  Alex Carter, a good half-miler, W Dewar of Dingwall, A Grant, now of Elgin, Andrew Gordon, Dan Munro and Willie Crawford, all distinguished in their several ways.   Finally there is Donald Dallas, who in ’98 won aHalf-Mile Challenge Cup, open to Scotland, in the fine time, considering the heavy grass track, of 1 min 59 1-5th sec.   For years he has been the official starter, and his services are still cheerfully given  to the Association.

Amateur Athletics in the Borders

Next: North of Scotland AAA

Fifty, or even forty, years ago amateur athletics practically did not exist in the Scottish Borders.   Between Edinburgh, Berwick and Carlisle, the triangle that roughly includes the territory now administered by the SBAAA, not a single amateur athletics meeting was held; professionalism had the field to itself.   Annual Games were, and still are, held in most of the towns and villages in the Borders, but it was only the pervading holiday spirit and fun of the fair that made some of them tolerable.   The presence of the bookmakers shouting their cramped odds, and the fact that a few shillings might sway the result of a race, did not tend to hold the interest of the looker-on; nevertheless, these games were the only outlet for the budding aspirations of the young athlete, and whatever his first ambitions for athletic glory might be, they were likely to become subordinate to the sordid considerations of £.s.d.   Many resented this, but in the total absence of amateur meetings they were helpless and drifted into the porfessional ranks.

Therefore, in 1895, when Mr DS Duncan first cast his eyes on the Borders as a prospective field, the ground was really ripe for some amateur effort.   What perhaps was at the back of the enthusiastic Secretary’s mind, as well as spreading the amateur gospel, was the strengthening of his own Association, between whom and the seceding body, the SAAU, the quarrel was now at its height.

A small circumstance had also some significance in directing Mr Duncan’s gaze to the Borders.  In that same year, 1895, there was formed in Innerleithen an athletic club under the title of “The Scottish Pelicans”.   This club included in its limited membership several names still familiar in the Borders, W Lindsay Watson, Tom Scott (Langholm), JK Ballantyne, and last, but not least, AR Downer.   It is not generally known that Downer spent a great deal of his boyhood on the banks of the Tweed, and that his first races were run on Caberstone Haugh against the boys of Walkerburn School.

The meeting at which the SBAAA was formed was held in the Tower Hotel, Hawick, on Saturday, 18th January 1896.   Mr Duncan himself took the chair, and successfully launched the new venture.   There was a fair attendance, and several of those present did yeoman service for the cause in the early days of the Association.

The Rev JM Mann, Langholm, was elected first President but he never, we think acted in that capacity, and John Wightman, Jnr, occupied the chair at the earlier meetings.   JK Ballantyne was the first Secretary and David Redpath, Kelso, the Treasurer.

The title first proposed for the new venture was the Border Amateur Athletic Association, but it was pointed out that there were two sides to the Borders and over one f them we had no jurisdiction, so the word Scottish was added.   The Committee included James Thomson (Hawick), WE Ballantyne (St Boswells), M Craig-Brown (Selkirk), and others representative of the large stretch of country under its government.

The territory first included the counties of Berwick, Roxburgh, Peebles, Selkirk, Dumfries, Kirkcudbright, and Wigton, but in the following year, the latter two, and part of Dumfries-shire, were handed back to the parent body to administer, as their geographical position and lack of good railway connections made it difficult to control them from St Boswells, the first headquarters of the Association.

Prior to the days of motor-cars, St Boswells, being an important railway junction, was the usual meeting place for anything of general interest in the Borders.

In those early days, the workers were few, but the made up in enthusiasm and hard work for their lack of numbers.  Some of them are no longer with us, but were they living they would surely feel that their pioneer efforts had not been in vain.

From the beginning, the Melrose Football Club has always proved a good friend to the Association, and it was at their annual football sports in 1896 that the first race, a 440 yards handicap, was run under the auspices of the new body.

The Association itself held two meetings in the first year of its existence, one at Melrose in May and the other at Hawick in the autumn.   Both these were highly successful from a sporting point of view, and did ab great deal to encourage amateur athletics.   Since then, so well has the work been taken up by the affiliated clubs that it has not been necessary for the Association to hold sports of its own except the Championship Meetings, which have been instituted in the last few years.

The first sports at Melrose were a bit of a blow from a financial standpoint.   In pre-motor days the railway was the only means of transport in a widely scattered district, and as the sports were intended to cater for the Borders as a whole, special trains had to be arranged and the necessary guarantees given.   AR Downer had promised to run , and with his then immense drawing power, give the new Association a good send-off.   Unfortunately, the English Northern Counties AAA stepped in and issued an ultimatum that if he did not run at their championships on the same day, he would probably be suspended.

Downer had been well billed all over the Borders, and the Secretary felt that in justice to the public he had to make the fact known that the great runner would not appear.   In consequence the attendance was only about one-third of what it might have been.   On several of the trains the guarantee had to be paid up.   Those who did attend however had no cause to be dissatisfied with the sport.

The meeting at Hawick,fortunately, paid its way well, and thanks to some of the early patrons, amongst whom were Sir Richard Waldie-Griffith, the late Earl of Dudley, Lord Glenconner, Major Thorburn of Scottish rifle fame and Mr S Strang Steel of Philiphaugh, the Association was soon out of the financial shoals.

To turn from patrons to the work of the clubs, the Association should be grateful to the Hawick Football Club, who, as well as Melrose, have always included a foot-race in their football sports programme.   But the two pillars of the Association have been the Teviotdale Harriers and the Gala Harriers.   The healthy rivalry that has always existed between the two Border burghs has been carried into the realm of athletics, and, as rivalry is the essence of sport, so athletics in the Borders have profited by it.   Other clubs, too, have arisen, some of which have not survived, bt even so their efforts still bear fruit, and although the list of affiliated clubs is not long, no large district is without one, and all are in a healthy condition.   The Borders athlete is well catered for during the season.

But the greatest feather in the cap of the Association is perhaps the fact that two great representative organisations, the Hawick Common Riding Committee and the Galashiels Braw Lads Council, at their annual festivals hold important meetings under their rules.   Indeed so successful have these meetings been in interesting the public that in Hawick, for this year at least, the Committee re holding a Junior Amateur Meting instead of catering for the professionals as they have hitherto impartially done on one of the two days of their holiday.   Mention of junior sports reminds us of the good work that has been accomplished by the Education Committees of Selkirkshire and Peeblesshire in holding sports for their school children.

These meetings are most attractive, no one attending them can fail to be impressed by the keenness of both the competitors and the officials, drawn chiefly from the school staffs, the excellent quality of the sport and the splendid organisation which gets through a most formidable programme in the course of a little over three hours.

As a nursery for pure amateurism and young athletes they could not be bettered.   Unfailing obedience is given to orders, and never a murmur against a decision is heard.

We have said a good deal about Hawick and Galashiels, but t would be a grave omission not to mention the fine efforts of the clubs in Duns and Kelso, indeed it can be said that amateur meetings have been held at one time or another during the past thirty seven years in every burgh in the Borders.

From the clubs to the athletes themselves is a very easy transition.   The Borders have produced five Scottish champions:-

100 and 220 yards:   JK Ballantyne                           1896

220 yards:                   WR Sutherland                         1913

880 yards:                    R Burton              1908, 1909, 1910

100 yards:                     Ian Sutherland                          1927

High Jump (tie)          PA Macintosh                             1908

One of these, R Burton, as a record holder.   All have represented their country as well as W Pollock, who ran against Ireland in 1896.

Early in its career the Association instituted Championships of its own.   These were for many years farmed out to the sports holding clubs, but latterly a successful championship meeting has been run annually, and the list of winners, which we append, includes the names of most of the athletes of class that the Borders have produced.

The War took its inevitable toll, notably WH Lawson and WR Sutherland, whose pleasing personalities will always be remembered by their friends – and they were many – in two great branches of sport.

Of the officials past and present, it is perhaps sufficient to say that most of them have been unsparing in their efforts for the cause, and none perhaps has put in more spade work than the present secretary, AD Lawson, who, together with JK Ballantyne, has had the honour of presiding over the councils of the SAAA.

Amongst the donors of the Trophies that go with the various championships are Sir Richard Waldie-Griffith (Hendersyde Bowl), W Strang Steel, JR Scott (Langlands Trophy), Lord Dunglas, and the patrons of Berwickshire and Peeblesshire,

Amateurism in the Borders is of healthy growth; it has always been kept clean, and there is every prospect that it will endure.

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Athletics in the Beginning.

Although Scotland’s records do not go as far back as the Tailtean Games in Ireland, yet what we have prove the love of athletics among the Picts, Scots and the gregarious Celts.   From the chief downwards, athletics was the joy of the Gael, indeed the chief was often the most accomplished.   At his door lay the ‘clachneart’, literally the stone of strength or the putting stone and on the arrival of a guest he was asked as a compliment to throw it.   The chief’s followers, and those of his guests engaged in all manly sports, and as the honour of the clan was at stake, it is surmised that in the strenuous contests more heads than records were broken.   The Fraser chiefs were noted athletes, and the father of the late Lord Lovat – an excellent sportsman – was an expert stone and hammer thrower.

In a manuscript lately come to light entitled: ‘Ane breve cronicle of the Erles of Ross’, an account is given of how an earldom was gained by prowess in wrestling.   At the coronation of Edward I there was among those attached to his court in London a famous French wrestler from Normandy who was considered invincible.   But during the gay doings, he was challenged by Farquhar Ross from the North of Scotland, a vassal to the Scottish king Alexander II, and to the amazement and delight of the Scottish king, his wife and a sister of Edward , and the Scottish guests, Farquhar overthrew and signally vanquished the unbeaten champion.   So delighted was King Alexander over his countryman’s ‘notabill vassalage’, as he called it,  that he conferred the Earldom of Ross upon him.   To celebrate his victory and to carry out a vow that he had made, Farquhar erected an abbey, now no longer in existence, but its successor in Kincardine, Ross-shire is still used as the Parish Church.

At the great royal hunts which took place at Braemar and which often lasted for a fortnight, many chiefs with their followers took part.   Malcolm II started at one of these ‘hunts’ the first recorded ‘Games’ by offering as a prize a sword and a purse of gold to the first man to reach, in a race, the summit of Craig Choinneach.   Two McGregor brothers were favourites, but a third and younger brother, who was late in starting won after a terrific struggle.

It was not however till 1832 that the first organised Braemar Gathering took place.   Queen Victoria was keenly interested in these sports, and in 1889 invited society to Balmoral.   Later the Duke of Fife gave the present Princess Royal Park where the meeting is now held.   The clansmen gather at the spot where the Jacobite standard was unfurled in 1715 – which event is commemorated in ‘The Standard on the Braes o’Mar’ – and march to the sports ground.

Since the year 1314 without a break, except during the Great War, the Ceres Games, founded to celebrate the return of the victorious Fife villagers from the Battle of Bannockburn, have been held annually.   It is remarkable that the name of the Fife agricultural village, Ceres, is that of the Latin goddess, Ceres, the protectress of agriculture and in whose honour great sports were instituted.

Carnwath in Lanarkshire holds annually a meeting of great antiquity.   The Red Hose race is the principal event, and local and popular tradition has it that in the event of the Carnwath estate becoming heir-less, the latest winner of the ‘Hose’ would become proprietor!

Under the shadow of the Duke of Argyll’s stately castle at Inveraray, a gathering of the western clans’ representative pipers, strong men and runners has been held for centuries.   Running was a feature of this meeting, for the chiefs of old encouraged their ‘gille-ruith’, or running footmen, to excel in the Geal-ruith, or running and leaping  games.

Among great athletes in Scotland, the two whose names were, and still are, in the mouths of everyone, were Captain Barclay of Ury and Donald Dinnie.   The former was a great and up-to-date land proprietor in Kincardineshire.   Sprung from an ancient and physically powerful family, he lived during the later part of the eighteenth century and the first half of the nineteenth.   Educated at Cambridge, he early joined the army and served as ADC to the GOC of the ill-fated Walcheren Expedition.   He was though of little more than average size, possessed of a great strength, speed and remarkable powers of endurance.   Of the latter his great feat of walking 1000 miles in 1000 hours – that is one mile for every hour, was a record to his stamina.   Others who tried this feat broke down at an early stage, but he continued for a period of 42 days and though he lost much weight was at the finish wonderfully fit.   He was a great runner, walker, wrestler and stone-thrower,  and thus resembled Dinnie, who was born in Aberdeenshire in 1837.   Strange to say, Dinnie’s best performances were done when he was approaching forty years of age, and when fifty eight years old was the recognised all-round champion of New Zealand.   Dinnie was undoubtedly the best athlete of his time, and in addition to being heavy-weight champion, excelled in wrestling, leaping, vaulting, running and dancing.

Over a century ago, the Borders had a remarkable man, Will o’Phaup, so called for his farm in the Ettrick valley.   Like Dinnie in the North his name was a household word.   His tombstone at Ettrick Kirk records that for feats of strength and agility, he was not excelled in the kingdom.

In pre-amateur days Scotland was famous for its distance runners, and many feats of endurance are recorded in books dealing with origins and history of Scottish Highland Gatherings.”

Historical Survey

David Scott Duncan: An Appreciation

David Scott Duncan who, for many years prior to his death was looked upon as the “father” of amateur athletics in Scotland, was born in Monkton House, Inveresk, where his father had farmed for many years.   After a short term in Musselburgh Grammar School, he became a pupil in the Royal High School, Ednburgh, where he remained until he left for the University with a view to qualifying for a legal career.

While in the RHS, he was looked on as a sound scholar, and left with a very good grounding in Latin, Greek, English and French.   He was proxime accessit for the India Prize, and in this competition he was awarded a soecial prize on account of the high standard reached.

While at school he competed successfully at the annual sports; but it was not until 1880 that he took up distance running seriously.   During the following eleven years he won over 150 prizes, and in addition to winning the Scottish Mile Championship five times, he was runner-up three times and held for a short time the records for the two and three miles.   He competed in the AAA Championships and, while never a winner, did faster time at Stamford Bridge than he had ever done in Scotland.   His record for the mile race (4 min 28 sec) stood for some years.

After a short business career in Leith he became the Scottish representative of the Field and continued in this capacity till the Great War.   He was a born journalist; his marvellous memory and intimate acquaintance with all branches of sport gave him a pre-eminent place in the journalistic world; indeed it could be truly said of him that in these islands for many years he stood without a peer in all round knowledge of athletics.

Two years after the founding of the SAAA he took over from Mr AS Paterson, Advocate – a distance runner of distinction – the duties of Secretary, and for the long period of forty years guided the destinies of the Association.    His legal training, scholarship and , above all, his retentive memory fitted him in a high degree for the duties of Secretary, and whether in furthering the athletic contest with Ireland, or in conference with sister countries he worthily upheld the interests of his own.

He was a golfer of more than average ability, being a “scratch” player when he captained the RHS Golf Club, indeed, his method drew, on one occasion from a champion golfer and a friend of his own, the remark “Man, David, if you hit the ball on the back swing, you would be the longest driver in Britain!”   For a time he was the captain of the Royal Musselburgh Golf Club.   In the royal burgh by the sea members of the club still recal his eloquence, fine diction and humour when he presided at their annual dinner.

The Golfing Annual, of which he was editor, stands as a memorial to his research and hard work.   In laying the foundation of this work he met most of the great golfers of his time, many of whom became his fast friends.   But he was at hs best during the visits toIreland with the Scottish international team, and while always anxious for a Scottish win, never failed to congratulate an Irish opponent on a brilliant performance.   As a time keeper and judge, he excelled, and one recalls his indignation when in 1908 at the Olympic Games in London and apparently pre-arranged attempt to shoulder Captain Halswell off the track in the memorable 400 metres race was made, and failed.   It is no secret that in this race, which Duncan judged, it was he who broke the tape when he saw the foul, and “no race” was unanimously declared.

The sentiments of the writer, who met “DSD” for the first time in 1883, and those of his numerous friends, were well stated by an eminent member of the SRU: “He was one of the whitest men I ever knew.”

KW

Athletics in the beginning

Foreword

FOREWORD

Y50 I Colq

In writing the foreword to Fifty Years of Amateur Athletics in Scotland, I am conscious of the value of the work both as a record of past endeavour and as a guide to future policy.

Our first introduction to athletics is generally gained at school, and it is interesting to remark the extraordinary progress that has been made in cultivating that fertile ground since the inception of the Scottish Amateur Athletic Association in 1883.   At the present moment organised games and sports are as much an accepted feature of school curriculum as are arithmetic or history, and are generally admitted to be of equal importance.

There are those who consider that undue stress is laid upon the physical side of scholastic life, but for myself I cannot admit it.   The average boy is full of a superabundance of energy which must find an outlet.   If that energy be directed into a proper channel, it can be made a vital factor in the building of the boy’s character.   If it be not so directed, it will find an egress in ways altogether undesirable.   The Victorians visualised high spirits as a waste product, which must be eliminated by disciplined suppression.   Our modern view teaches that boyish energy is a by-product of infinite value which can be used with results altogether beneficial, and that games and athletics supply that anchor-hold, that definite background during the critical period of adolescence without which the majority of us would give Satan a congenial task in finding “mischief still for idle hands to do”.

It is difficult to realise the extent to which sport I its many branches has influenced the character of the British nation.   They have given to us, in my view, a balanced judgment, a complete immunity to panic, and a good humoured tolerance which must surely be the despair of the agitator and the revolutionary.

I hold that at the moment Great Britain is the only country where a natural democracy exists.   Democracy demands a common meeting ground, a community of interest.   Sport provides that, and I know of nothing that could take its place.

If we value flattery, then we may claim that the world has accorded us the sincerest form by imitating our methods, by accepting our standards and our valuations with an enthusiasm that we can only marvel at.    What the effect on the diverse mentalities of other races than our own will be, we can only surmise, for national character is not formed in a generation.   Perhaps the lessons they learned from sport will differ from those we have absorbed.   However that may be, I feel they cannot be bad, but, on the contrary, must be good and beneficial in the highest degree.   This book contains a record of Scotland’s contribution to the world of amateur athletics – and indeed it is not a small one.   In it are names honourably known far beyond the Scottish borders, names of men in every walk of life, wh have upheld the high traditions of our race on the athletic field.

We can look in retrospect on that first meeting under Scottish Amateur Athletic Association rules, held in 1883, and trace the rapid growth and development in everything pertaining to the sport until the present day.

We cannot compare the champions of old with the present day athlete – and who wants to?   Their times may have been greater and their distances less, but the conditions under which they competed were inferior in every respect.   Let us, then, leave them that niche they ever hold in the memory f their countrymen; for their hearts were in the right place, which, indeed, is all that matters.   In achieving the position that it holds today, the Scottish Amateur Athletic Association has had no easy road to travel, and all praise is due to those who have guided its destinies along the thorny path of control.

The Editors of this publication have earned the thanks of all Scottish sportsmen for their meticulous care in chronicling events of so great an interest, and for leaving us a record of the traditional and characteristic athletics of our country, and of those who gained fame in the fields of high endeavour.

IAIN COLQUHOUN

Editor’s Note